Gefleckter Aronstab
Arum maculatum · auch: Aronstab, Gefleckter-
Wildpflanze sehr stark giftig
5 Fotos
Beschreibung
Zum Namen: Die grundständigen, pfeilförmigen Blätter sind lang gestielt und 10 bis 20 cm lang. Bei einigen Populationen besitzen die sattgrünen Blattspreiten dunkle Flecken, daher der Name.
Andere Namen
Ronenkraut AasblumeEntenschnabel EselsohrenFieberwurzFrostwurzgefleckter deutscher IngwerKatzenpisLungenkrautMagenkrautPfingstblumeStinkblumeTeufelhütchenZahnkrautZehrwurz
Merkmale
Steckbrief
Familie
Araceae
Gattung
Arum
Ordnung
Alismatales
Klasse
Liliopsida
Lebensform
Gras
Habitat
Hedgerows, woodlands, copses etc, especially on base-rich substrata.
Essbarkeit
★★☆☆☆
Heilwirkung
★☆☆☆☆
Licht
3/10
Feuchtigkeit
6/10
Boden
8/10
pH-Wert pH 7 – 7.5
Anbau & Pflege
Prefers a humus rich soil and abundant water in the growing season. Prefers a shady damp calcareous soil. Succeeds in sun or shade. Plants are very shade tolerant and grow well in woodland conditions. The inflorescence has the remarkable ability to heat itself above the ambient air temperature to such a degree that it is quite noticeable to the touch. Temperature rises of 11°c have been recorded. At the same time, the flowers emit a foul and urinous smell in order to attract midges for pollination. The smell disappears once the flower has been pollinated. Members of this genus are rarely if ever troubled by browsing deer.
Vermehrung: Seed - best sown in a greenhouse or cold frame as soon as it is ripe. The seed usually germinates in 1 - 6 months at 15°c. Stored seed should be sown in the spring in a greenhouse and can be slow to germinate, sometimes taking a year or more. A period of cold stratification might help to speed up the process. Sow the seed thinly, and allow the seedlings to grow on without disturbance for their first year, giving occasional liquid feeds to ensure that they do not become mineral deficient. When the plants are dormant in the autumn, divide up the small corms, planting 2 - 3 in each pot, and grow them on in light shade in the greenhouse for a further year, planting out when dormant in the autumn. Division of the corms in summer after flowering. Larger corms can be planted out direct into their permanent positions, though it is best to pot up the smaller corms and grow them on for a year in a cold frame before planting them out.
Essbare Verwendung
Edible Parts: Leaves Root Edible Uses: Tuber - cooked and used as a vegetable. A mild flavour, the root contains about 25% starch. A farina can be extracted from the root. Roots can be harvested at any time of the year, though they are best when the plant is dormant[K]. At one time, the tubers of this plant were commonly harvested and used for food, but they are very rarely used nowadays[268, K]. The root must be thoroughly dried or cooked before being eaten, see the notes above on toxicity. Leaves - must be well cooked. Available from late winter. Caution is advised, see the notes above on toxicity.
Weitere Nutzung
Starch Starch from the root has been used as a laundry starch for stiffening clothes. Its use is said to be very harsh on the skin, producing sores and blisters on the hands of the laundresses who have to use it, though another report says that the powdered root makes a good and innocent cosmetic that can be used to remove freckles.
Verbreitung
Heimisch: Albania, Austria, Belgium, Brussels-Capital Region, Bulgaria, Czechia-Slovakia, DK, Europe & Northern Asia (excluding China), Flanders, Flemish Region, France, Germany, Grand Duchy of Luxembourg, Great Britain, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Kriti, Krym, NO, NW. Balkan Pen., Netherlands, Poland, Romania, SE, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Transcaucasus, Türkiye, Türkiye-in-Europe, Ukraine, Walloon Region
Eingeführt: DK, Denmark, Finland, NO, Norway, SE, Sweden
Alternative deutsche Namen
Gefleckter AronstabGemeiner Aronstabgefleckter Aronstab
Haftungsausschluss: Die hier dargestellten Inhalte dienen ausschließlich der allgemeinen Information. Sie ersetzen keine professionelle Beratung durch Ärzte, Apotheker oder Kräuterkundige. Das Sammeln und Verwenden von Wildpflanzen geschieht auf eigene Gefahr. Verwechslungsgefahr mit giftigen Pflanzen besteht. Mehr erfahren