Kartoffelrose-Wildrose

Die Namen dieser Rose verraten manches:

Die Kartoffelrose stammt ursprünglich aus dem fernen Osten, wie ihre weiteren Namen Japanrose und Kamtschatka-Rose bezeugen, während ihr Name Apfelrose, den sie gemeinsam mit Rosa villosa trägt, auf ihre großen Hagebutten hinweist. Ihren offiziellen deutschen Name Kartoffel-Rose erhielt sie nach der Form ihrer Blätter, die den Kartoffelblättern ähneln. Auch die botanische Namensgebung hielt sich an die für Rosen außergewöhnlichen Blätter: lat. rugosa = runzelig

 

Die Kartoffelrose in Europa

Die anspruchslose Rosa rugosa ist winterhart, salzverträglich und kalkmeidend. Sie wächst auch auf sandigen, armen Böden, auch in windigen Lagen und vermehrt sich rasant durch ihre Ausläufer. Auf Kalkböden vergilben die Blätter häufig durch Eisenmangel, da die Kartoffelrose in kalkigen Böden Eisen nur erschwert aufnehmen kann. Gegen Pilzkrankheiten ist sie unempfindlich.

Diese Eigenschaften, wie auch ihr Duft und ihre Blütenfarbe (Rosa in verschiedenen Farbtönen oder weiß), wurden auf ihre Gartenformen, die mehr oder weniger gefüllten Rosa-Rugosa-Hybriden, übertragen.

 

Eine hübsche, pflegeleichte Rose, 

• die im Garten und in der Küche Verwendung findet,
• an der sich Bienen und andere Insekten erfreuen,
• die zum Urlaubsfeeling der Nordsee-Touristen gehört.
• Aaaber,

angepflanzt als ehemalige Bunker-Tarnung und als Windschutzhecken in küstennahen Bereichen entwickelte sich die bis zu 200 cm hohe Kartoffelrose zu einem invasiven Neophyten, der die Lebensgemeinschaften von Dünen und Küstenheiden, vor allem kleine und lichtbedürftige Küstenarten und die deutlich artenreicheren Sanddornbestände, zurückdrängt und nur sehr schwer in Zaum gehalten werden kann.

Prefers a light well-drained soil but succeeds in most soils including dry ones. Grows well in heavy clay soils. Prefers a circumneutral soil and a sunny position. Dislikes water-logged soils. Tolerates maritime exposure[14, K]. Plants are said to withstand temperatures down to -50°c without damage. The foliage is said to resist disease. A very ornamental plant, it suckers freely but these are fairly easily controlled[K]. There are a number of named varieties. 'Scabrosa' is said to be larger in all its parts, including the fruit, though it has not proved to be much larger with us[K]. The flowers have a clove-like perfume. Grows well with alliums, parsley, mignonette and lupins. Dislikes boxwood. Garlic planted nearby can help protect the plant from disease and insect predation. Hybridizes freely with other members of this genus. Plants in this genus are notably susceptible to honey fungus. The plant is heat tolerant in zones 9 through 1. (Plant Hardiness Zones show how well plants withstand cold winter temperatures. Plant Heat Zones show when plants would start suffering from the heat. The Plant Heat Zone map is based on the number of "heat days" experienced in a given area where the temperature climbs to over 86 degrees F (30°C). At this temperature, many plants begin to suffer physiological damage. Heat Zones range from 1 (no heat days) to 12 (210 or more heat days). For example Heat Zone. 11-1 indicates that the plant is heat tolerant in zones 11 through 1.) For polyculture design as well as the above-ground architecture (form - tree, shrub etc. and size shown above) information on the habit and root pattern is also useful and given here if available. The plant growth habit is a running thicket former forming a colony from shoots away from the crown spreading indefinitely [1-2]. The root pattern is suckering with new plants from underground runners away from the plant [1-2]. Rose hips are typically harvested in late summer to early autumn, usually from August to October (Northern Hemisphere), depending on the species. Roses usually flower from late spring to early autumn, typically between May and September (Northern Hemisphere). Growth rates vary by species, but many roses can grow moderately fast, reaching maturity within 2 to 3 years, depending on the care and conditions provided. Some species of roses are self-fertile, while others require cross-pollination with different varieties for optimal fruit (hip) production.

Edible Parts: Flowers Fruit Seed Shoots Stem Edible Uses: Tea Fruit - raw or cooked. They are very sweet and pleasant to eat, though it takes quite a bit of patience to eat any quantity[K]. The fruit is a fairly large size for a rose with a relatively thick layer of flesh[K]. The fruit is about 25mm in diameter. Rich in vitamin C, containing up to 2.75% dry weight. Some care has to be taken when eating this fruit, see the notes above on known hazards. Flowers - raw or cooked. An aromatic flavour, they are also used in jellies and preserves. Remove the bitter white base of the petals before using them. Young shoots - cooked and used as a potherb. Harvested as they come through the ground in spring and are still tender. The seed is a good source of vitamin E, it can be ground into a powder and mixed with flour or added to other foods as a supplement. Be sure to remove the seed hairs. A pleasant tasting fruity-flavoured tea is made from the fruit, it is rich in vitamin C. A tea is also made from the leaves.

Hedge Hedge Agroforestry uses: Roses are beneficial in agroforestry systems as they can provide ground cover, attract pollinators, and improve biodiversity. Certain species are also used for hedges and windbreaks. The plant makes a good low hedge. It is very tolerant of maritime exposure, but is very bare in winter[K]. 1. Nectary - Flowers rich in nectar and pollen: Yes – Roses produce flowers rich in nectar and pollen, making them excellent for attracting bees, butterflies, and other pollinators. 2. Wildlife - Food (Fruit, Seeds, Leaf litter, Shelter, Nesting, Roosting): Yes – The hips (fruit) of many rose species are a food source for birds and mammals. The dense structure of rose bushes provides good shelter and nesting spots for birds and small animals. 3. Invertebrate Shelter (Overwintering sites, Leaf litter, Groundcover): Yes – The rough stems, leaf litter, and dense growth of rose bushes can provide overwintering sites for beneficial invertebrates. 4. Pest Confuser (Smell): No – While roses are fragrant, they are not typically known to confuse pests with their scent.

Heimisch: China North-Central, England [I] (England [I], Wales [I], Isle of Man [I], Scotland [I], Outer Hebrides [I], Orkney Isl. [I], Shetland Isl. [I], Isles of Scilly [I]); Ireland [I] (Ireland [I], Northern Ireland [I]); Denmark [I]; Norway [I]; Sweden [I]; Finland [I]; Netherlands [I]; Germany [I]; Austria [I]; Poland [I]; Slovakia [I]; Hungary [I]; France [I]; Channel Isl. [I] (Alderney [I], Guernsey [I], Jersey [I], Sark [I]); Romania [I]; Estonia [c]; Latvia [c]; Lithuania [c]; Belarus [I]; European Russia [I]; Siberia (Altay [I]); Russian Far East (Kamchatka, Primorye, Sakhalin); China (E-Jilin, Liaoning, NE-Shandong); North Korea; South Korea; Japan (Hokkaido, Honshu); New Zealand [I]; Alaska [I]; Canada [I] (New Brunswick [I], Newfoundland [I], Nova Scotia [I], Ontario [I], Prince Edward Isl. [I], Québec [I]); St. Pierre et Miquelon [I]; USA [I] (Connecticut [I], Delaware [I], Illinois [I], Massachusetts [I], Maryland [I], Maine [I], Michigan [I], Minnesota [I], Missouri [I], New Hampshire [I], New Jersey [I], New York [I], Ohio [I], Pennsylvania [I], Rhode Island [I], Virginia [I], Vermont [I], Washington State [I], Wisconsin [I], West Virginia [I]), Japan, Kamchatka, Korea, Manchuria, North America, Primorye, Sakhalin Eingeführt: AT, Alaska, Altay, Austria, BG, BY, Baltic States, Belarus, Belgium, British Columbia, Brussels-Capital Region, Bulgaria, CA, CH, Central European Russia, Connecticut, Czechia-Slovakia, Delaware, Denmark, East European Russia, Falkland Is., Finland, Flemish Region, France, Germany, Great Britain, Hungary, Illinois, Inner Mongolia, Ireland, Italy, Kentucky, Labrador, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, NW. Balkan Pen., Netherlands, New Brunswick, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Newfoundland, North European Russia, Northwest European Russia, Norway, Nova Scotia, Ohio, Ontario, Pennsylvania, Poland, Prince Edward I., Prince Edward Island, Quebec, Québec, Rhode I., Romania, Saint Pierre and Miquelon, South European Russia, Sweden, Switzerland, Ukraine, Utah, Vermont, Virginia, Walloon Region, Washington, West Virginia, Wisconsin