Pfaffenhütchen

An easily grown plant, it thrives in almost any soil, including chalk, and is particularly suited to dry shaded areas. Prefers a well-drained loamy soil. If cultivated for its latex it is best grown in a dry open position. A very cold-hardy plant, tolerating temperatures down to about -25°c. A very ornamental plant, there are many named varieties. This species is often damaged by caterpillars during the flowering season. It is a favoured home for blackfly, so should not be grown near broad beans. In garden design, as well as the above-ground architecture of a plant, root structure considerations help in choosing plants that work together for their optimal soil requirements including nutrients and water. The root pattern is branching: a heart root, dividing from the crown into several primary roots going down and out [2-1].

Edible Parts: Manna Oil Edible Uses: Colouring Oil An edible yellow dye is obtained from the fruit and seed. Pink from the fruit case, orange from the seed. These reports should be treated with some caution since many members of this genus are poisonous. One report suggests that the plant is a source of a manna, there are no further details.

Charcoal Dye Insecticide Latex Oil Parasiticide Wood The whole plant yields a volatile oil that is used in soap making. Other reports say that the oil is obtained from the seed. It is possible that there are two oils, an essential oil from the plant and an oil from the seed[K]. A good yellow dye is obtained from the fleshy coating around the seeds. This becomes green with the addition of alum, but unfortunately both colours are rather fugitive. The baked and powdered berries are used to remove lice from the hair, they are also used as an insecticide. The leaves are used. Roots yield up to 4% gutta-percha, a non elastic rubber used as an electrical insulation and for making plastics. Wood - very hard, easily split, fine-grained, not durable. Used for spindles, skewers, knitting needles, toothpicks, carving etc. A high quality charcoal is obtained from the wood, it is used by artists.

Heimisch: Albania, Austria, Baltic States, Belarus, Belgium, Brussels-Capital Region, Bulgaria, Central European Russia, Corse, Czechia-Slovakia, DK, Denmark, East European Russia, England (England, Wales, Isle of Man, S-Scotland, Isles of Scilly [I]); Ireland (Ireland, Northern Ireland); Denmark; Norway; Sweden; Netherlands; Belgium; Luxembourg; Germany (Brandenburg, Berlin, Baden-Württemberg, Bayern, Hessen, Hamburg, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Niedersachsen, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Rheinland-Pfalz, Schleswig-Holstein, Saarland, Sachsen, Sachsen-Anhalt, Thüringen); Switzerland; Liechtenstein; Austria; Poland; Czech Republic; Slovakia; Hungary; Portugal; Spain; Andorra; France; Channel Isl. [I] (Alderney [I], Jersey [I]); Corsica; Sardinia; Italy; Sicily; San Marino; Slovenia; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Montenegro; Serbia; Kosovo; North Macedonia; Albania; Romania; Bulgaria; European Turkey; Greece (mainland south to N-Peloponnisos, Evvoia); Estonia; Latvia; Lithuania; Belarus; C-European Russia; E-European Russia; W-European Russia; Ukraine; Crimea; Turkmenistan [I]; Uzbekistan [I]; Tajikistan [I]; Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; Azerbaijan; Turkey (Inner Anatolia, N-Anatolia, NE-Anatolia, NW-Anatolia: Bithynia, S-Anatolia); Chatham Isl. [I]; Canada [I] (New Brunswick [I], Ontario [I], Québec [I]); USA [I] (Connecticut [I], Illinois [I], Kentucky [I], Massachusetts [I], Maine [I], Michigan [I], Mississippi [I], New Hampshire [I], New Jersey [I], New York [I], Ohio [I], Pennsylvania [I], Rhode Island [I], Tennessee [I], Virginia [I], Vermont [I], Wisconsin [I]), FI, Flanders, Flemish Region, France, Germany, Global, Grand Duchy of Luxembourg, Great Britain, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Krym, NO, NW. Balkan Pen., Netherlands, North America, North Caucasus, Northwest European Russia, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Portugal Continental, Romania, SE, Sardegna, Sicilia, South European Russia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Transcaucasus, Türkiye, Türkiye-in-Europe, Ukraine, Walloon Region Eingeführt: AU, Alabama, Arkansas, CA, Connecticut, Finland, Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, Mississippi, Missouri, NO, NZ, Nebraska, New Brunswick, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, New Zealand North, New Zealand South, Norway, Ohio, Ontario, Pennsylvania, Prince Edward I., Quebec, Québec, RU, Rhode I., SE, Sweden, Tadzhikistan, Tasmania, Tennessee, Turkmenistan, Utah, Uzbekistan, Vermont, Virginia, Wisconsin