Japanische Wollmispel

Wo gedeiht die Japanische Wollmispel?

Die Japanische Wollmispel, die, wie ihr Name sagt, aus Japan stammt, verträgt subtropisches und Mittelmeer-Klima und kann sogar in Weinbaugebieten Mitteleuropas als vierjähriges Bäumchen an windgeschützten Standorten ausgepflanzt werden. 

In der Regel wird sie jedoch in Mitteleuropa als pflegeleichte, hübsche Kübelpflanze für sonnige Standorte gezogen und frostfrei, hell überwintert.

Die Jap. Wollmispel ist im Pflanzenhandel erhältlich ist, kann aber auch gut aus einem Fruchtkern gezogen werden! 

 

Die Jap. Wollmispel als Heilpflanze

Im asiatischen Raum ist Tee aus den Blättern der Japanischen Wollmispel ein wichtiges Heilmittel bei Husten und Bronchitis! Mehr dazu hier!

Als "Loquatblatt" sind Blätter der Japanischen Wollmispel wichtiger Bestandteil des in der Traditionellen Chinesischen Medizin viel verwendeten Hustensirups "Pei Pa Koa" . Weitere Bestandteile des Sirups sind Zwiebel der Schachbrettblume, Ballonblume, Huflattich, Minze, Honig.

 

Die Jap. Wollmispel in der Küche

Richtig essreif sind die ovalen, gelben Früchte, sobald ihre Schale einige braune Punkte zeigt. Ihre Größe erinnert an kleinere Marillen. Der Geschmack jedoch ist - die Kreter mögen bitte weghören - verglichen mit Marillen ungleich fader: süßlich-säuerlich, wenn auch saftig! 

Wollmispeln können mit und ohne Schale, roh oder gekocht gegessen werden. Wobei ihr Aroma - gleich wie bei Marillen -  durch Dünsten gewinnt. 

Ihre glatte Schale ist etwas härter, zäher als eine Apfelschale.

Nichtsdestotrotz: Die Griechen sind stolz auf ihre Mespola, wie sie sie nennen. Zählen sie doch mit zu den frühreifenden Obstsorten und gesund sind sie außerdem auch. Sie versorgen uns mit Ballaststoffen, Kalium und Vitamin A und haben eine durchspülende Wirkung auf die  Harnorgane.

Also zugreifen, wenn sie welche erblicken. Sei es im Ausland oder bei uns!

Landscape Uses:Container, Espalier, Screen, Standard, Seashore, Specimen, Street tree. Prefers a fertile well-drained soil in full sun or light shade. Succeeds in any well-drained soil but dislikes too much lime. Prefers to be near the coast, tolerating maritime exposure but dislikes cold winds. Tolerates dry soils. Succeeds in an open position in the milder areas of Britain but usually requires wall protection in most of this country. Plants are hardy to at least -5°c, and can survive to between -12 and -17°c but with some damage. Plants from different provenances differ widely in their hardiness, it is best to obtain stock as cuttings from plants that are established in this country. Trees usually only flower and produce fruit in Britain after a long hot summer, but a tree at Maidwell Hall in Northants fruits regularly. The main difficulty with producing a crop of fruit from this tree is that the plant flower in the winter and will not ripen fruit of a satisfactory standard if the winter is cold. Indeed, the fruit is rendered inedible by hard frosts in cold areas. Often cultivated for its edible fruit in warm temperate regions, there are more than 800 cultivars in Japan. 'Advance' is a dwarf tree with very juicy fruits. The flowers emit a most potent oriental perfume. Special Features:Attractive foliage, Edible, Not North American native, Naturalizing, All or parts of this plant are poisonous, Fragrant flowers, Attractive flowers or blooms. In garden design, as well as the above-ground architecture of a plant, root structure considerations help in choosing plants that work together for their optimal soil requirements including nutrients and water. The root pattern is branching: a heart root, dividing from the crown into several primary roots going down and out [2-1]. Fruits are typically harvested in late Spring to early Summer. It flowers in Autumn to early Winter. Loquat is a relatively fast-growing tree, often reaching maturity in 3-4 years under suitable conditions.

Edible Parts: Fruit Seed Edible Uses: Coffee Fruit - raw, cooked or preserved. A slightly acid, sweet aromatic flavour, they can be eaten out of hand or cooked in pies, sauces, jellies etc. Loquat pie, if made from fruit that is not fully ripe, is said to taste like cherry pie. The fruit is produced in winter and early spring, it is up to 4cm in diameter. A nutritional analysis is available. Seed - cooked. A pleasant flavour. Caution is advised if the seed is bitter, see notes at top of the page. The roasted seed is a coffee substitute.

Wood Agroforestry uses: Eriobotrya japonica can be used as a shade tree and is sometimes grown for erosion control. Its dense foliage provides cover for wildlife. Wood - hard, close-grained. Used for rulers, etc. 1. Nectary - Flowers rich in nectar and pollen: Yes – Loquat flowers are fragrant and produce nectar and pollen that attract bees and other pollinators, making them a good source for nectar. 2. Wildlife - Food (Fruit, Seeds, Leaf litter, Shelter, Nesting, Roosting): Yes – Loquat fruits are consumed by birds and small mammals, and its dense foliage can provide shelter for nesting and roosting. 3. Invertebrate Shelter (Overwintering sites, Leaf litter, Groundcover): Yes – The rough bark and dense canopy can offer shelter for overwintering invertebrates, though its contribution to leaf litter or groundcover is moderate. 4. Pest Confuser (Smell): No – Loquat does not produce a strong scent known to confuse or repel pests.

Heimisch: BR, Caribbean, China South-Central, Floridablanca, Jardín Botánico de Bogotá, North America, Oceania, Portugal [c]; Spain [c]; Baleares [c]; France [c]; Monaco [c]; Corsica [c]; Sardinia [c]; Italy [c]; Sicily [c]; Croatia [c]; Albania [c]; Greece [c]; Crete [c]; Ukraine [c]; Morocco [c]; Tunisia [c]; Libya [c]; Algeria [c]; Azores [c] (Santa Maria Isl. [c], Sao Miguel Isl. [c], Terceira [c], Graciosa [c], Sao Jorge [c], Pico [c], Faial [c], Flores Isl. [c], Corvo Isl. [c]); Canary Isl. [c] (Gran Canaria [c], Tenerife [c], La Gomera [c], La Palma [c], Lanzarote [c]); Cape Verde Isl. [c] (Santo Antao Isl. [c]); Guinea [c]; Cameroon [c]; São Tomé [c]; Central African Republic [c]; Mozambique [c]; St. Helena [c]; Mauritius [c]; La Réunion [c]; Uzbekistan [c]; East Aegaean Isl. [c] (incl. Rhodos [c]); Turkey (Anatolia) [c]; Cyprus [c]; Lebanon [c]; Syria [c]; Israel [c]; Jordania [c]; China (S-Chongqing, Hubei); Tibet [c]; South Korea [c]; Japan [c]; Taiwan [c]; Pakistan [c]; Nepal [c]; India [c]; Sri Lanka [c]; Bangladesh [c]; Myanmar [c]; Thailand [c]; Laos [c]; Cambodia [c]; Vietnam [c]; Philippines [c]; Java [c]; Australia [c] (Queensland [c], New South Wales [c]); Lord Howe Isl. [c]; Norfolk Isl. [c]; New Zealand [c]; New Caledonia [c]; Tonga [c] (Tongatapu [c]); Fiji [c]; Cook Isl. [c] (Rarotonga [c], Mangaia [c], Atiu [c]); Guam [c]; Fed. States of Micronesia [c] (Pohnpei [c]); Marshall Isl. [c] (Jaluit [c]); Hawaii [c] (Kauai [c], East Maui [c], Hawaii Isl.); USA [c] (California [c], Florida [c], Louisiana [c]); Mexico [c]; Guatemala [c]; Belize [c]; El Salvador [c]; Honduras [c]; Nicaragua [c]; Nicaragua [c]; Costa Rica [c]; Panama [c]; Jamaica [c]; Dominican Republic [c]; Haiti [c]; Puerto Rico [c]; Montserrat [c]; Guadeloupe [c]; Dominica [c]; Martinique [c]; Trinidad & Tobago [c]; Colombia [c]; Ecuador [c]; Peru [c]; Bolivia [c]; Brazil [c] Eingeführt: AR, AU, Arkansas, Ascension, Assam, Azores, BR, Baleares, Belgium, Bogotá, Bolivia, Brazil North, Brazil Northeast, Brazil South, Brazil Southeast, Brazil West-Central, Brussels-Capital Region, California, Canary Is., Cape Verde, Caroline Is., China North-Central, China Southeast, Colombia, Comoros, Corse, Cyprus, East Africa, East Himalaya, Ecuador, El Salvador, Flemish Region, Florida, France, Galápagos, Galápagos Islands, Georgia, Guatemala, Gulf of Guinea Is., Honduras, India, Italy, Japan, Korea, Kriti, Lord Howe Island, Louisiana, Madeira, Marianas, Marshall Is., Mauritius, Medialuna del sur de Bogotá D.C.: Ciudad Bolívar, Usme, San Cristóbal, Tunjuelito, Kennedy, Rafael Uribe Uribe y Bosa., Mexico Southeast, Nepal, New South Wales, New Zealand North, Nicaragua, Panamá, Portugal, Queensland, Reunion, Réunion, Sardegna, Sicilia, Spain, St.Helena, Taiwan, Thailand, Trinidad-Tobago, Uzbekistan, Vietnam, Walloon Region, West Himalaya