Granatapfel

Auch wenn sich, wie hier im Foto, ein Grünes Heupferd an der Blüte labt:

Für uns Menschen ist die Frucht des Granatapfelbaumes ein gesundheitliches Geschenk und ein uraltes Symbol der Fruchtbarkeit und der Liebe.

Voll mit antioxidativen, entzündungshemmenden und hormonell wirkenden Inhaltsstoffen (Polyphenole und mehrfach ungesättigte Fettsäuren  ). 

Wissenschaftliche Studien zeigen, dass der Granatapfel bei täglichem Konsum von 240 ml Saft  eine positive Wirkung bei Herz-Kreislauf-Erkrankungen, erhöhtem PSA-Wert, Krebs (Leukämie, Prostata- und Brustkrebs) und Arthritis haben kann.  

Die apfelförmige Frucht benötigt für die Ausreife eine Vegetationszeit bis zu 7 Monaten. Die Ernte beginnt ab November. Granatäpfel sind „nichtklimakterisch“, das heißt, die Früchte reifen nach der Ernte nicht nach! Für den Gehalt an Inhaltsstoffen ist es deshalb wichtig, dass sie vollreif geerntet werden! Ein Vorteil: Granatäpfel sind sehr lange lagerfähig.

Verzehrt werden die Granatapfelsamen, die, von saftigen Samenschalen umgeben, aufgeteilt auf mehrere Kammern, in der Frucht liegen. Sie ergeben eine wunderbare Zwischenmahlzeit oder, gemeinsam mit einem Schluck Prosecco, den Start eines schönen Winteressens!

Fotos und eine Kurzvideo, wie man einen Granatapfel geschickt öffnet, finden Sie  h i e r !

An easily grown plant, it prefers a well-drained fertile soil and succeeds in a hot dry position. Requires a sheltered sunny position. Not very hardy in Britain, the pomegranate tolerates temperatures down to about -11°c, but it is best grown on a south facing wall even in the south of the country because it requires higher summer temperatures than are normally experienced in this country in order to ripen its fruit and its wood. The wood is also liable to be cut back by winter frosts when it is grown away from the protection of a wall. Trees do not grow so well in the damper western part of Britain. Most plants of this species grown in Britain are of the dwarf cultivar 'Nana'. This is hardier than the type but its fruit is not such good quality. This sub-species fruited on an east-facing wall at Kew in the hot summer of 1989[K]. The pomegranate is often cultivated in warm temperate zones for its edible fruit, there are many named varieties. In Britain fruits are only produced after very hot summers. Plants often sucker freely. Flowers are produced on the tips of the current years growth. Plants in this genus are notably resistant to honey fungus. In garden design, as well as the above-ground architecture of a plant, root structure considerations help in choosing plants that work together for their optimal soil requirements including nutrients and water. The root pattern is flat with shallow roots spreading near the soil surface. The root pattern is suckering with new plants from runners away from the plant [2-1]. Heat zone: 12-7. Espalier: tree or other plant that is trained to grow flat against a support (such as a trellis or wall). Pomegranates are typically harvested in the autumn depending on the climate and variety. The flowering period usually occurs in late spring to early summer. Pomegranate trees are considered moderately fast-growing, reaching a height of 10 to 12 feet (3 to 4 meters) in about 3 to 4 years under optimal conditions. Pomegranate trees are generally self-fertile, but cross-pollination can improve fruit set and quality.

Edible Parts: Fruit Leaves Seed Edible Uses: Condiment Fruit - raw. Juicy and refreshing with a sub-acid flavour, they are considered delicious by many people though others do not like the large number of seeds with relatively little fruit pulp[K]. The fruit juice can be used in soups, sauces, jellies, ice cream, cakes etc. The fruit contains about 1.5% protein, 1.6% fat, 16.8% carbohydrate, 0.6% ash. Annual yields from wild trees in the Himalayas averaged 32kg per tree. The fruit is about 12cm in diameter. The fresh seed is soft and can be eaten raw. When dried it is used as a seasoning in dal, fried samosa, stuffings and chutneys. The boiled leaves are said to be eaten.

Dye Hedge Hedge Ink Tannin Wood Agroforestry uses: Pomegranates can be used as a windbreak, hedgerow, or landscape plant. They also improve soil health by providing organic matter through leaf drop. Landscape Uses: Border, Container, Espalier, Foundation, Hedge, Massing, Superior hedge. Special Features: Not North American native, Attractive flowers or blooms. A deep rooting tree, it is important in soil erosion control, and is planted along rivers to stabilize banks[303 ]. A drought-tolerant tree, it is suitable for arid and semi-arid zone reforestation[303 ]. The leaf litter decomposes slowly and is suitable for mulching[303 ]. The plant is also used in water purification schemes[303 ]. Plants are grown as hedges in Mediterranean climates[200 ]. Their wind firm stature makes them a good wind break[303 ]. They are also sometimes used for fencing[303 ]. The plant is traditionally grown in living fences in the northwestern Himalayas, where it helps to exclude livestock and other animals; mark out land boundaries; whilst also providing a range of medicinal and other uses[1174 ]. Other Uses: A red dye is obtained from the flowers and also from the rind of unripened fruits. The dye can be red or black and it is also used as an ink. It is coppery-brown in colour. No mordant is required. A fast yellow dye is obtained from the dried rind. The dried peel of the fruit contains about 26% tannin. The bark can also be used as a source of tannin. The root bark contains about 22% tannin, a jet-black ink can be made from it. Plants are grown as hedges in Mediterranean climates. Wood - very hard, compact, close-grained, durable, yellow. Used for making agricultural implements. A possible substitute for box, Buxus spp. 1. Nectary - Flowers rich in nectar and pollen: Yes – Pomegranate flowers are known to attract pollinators, especially bees, due to their nectar and pollen production. 2. Wildlife - Food (Fruit, Seeds, Leaf litter, Shelter, Nesting, Roosting): Yes – The fruits provide a food source for birds, small mammals, and other wildlife. The dense foliage can offer shelter and some nesting opportunities for small birds and insects. 3. Invertebrate Shelter (Overwintering sites, Leaf litter, Groundcover): Yes – While not a primary plant for groundcover, pomegranates do provide shelter for insects through leaf litter and rough bark, making it suitable for some overwintering invertebrates. 4. Pest Confuser (Smell): No – Pomegranate is not known for having a strong smell that would confuse or repel pests.

Heimisch: Afghanistan, Bucaramanga | Floridablanca | Suratá, Caribbean, Global, Iran, Iraq, Jardín Botánico de Bogotá, Manizales, North America, North Caucasus, Pakistan, Portugal [c]; Spain [c]; Baleares [c]; France [c]; Monaco [c]; Corsica [c]; Sardinia [c]; Italy [c]; Sicily [c]; Pantelleria [c]; Isole Pelagie [c] (Lampedusa [c]); Malta [c]; Slovenia [c]; Croatia [c]; Bosnia & Hercegovina [c]; North Macedonia [c]; Albania [c]; Bulgaria [c]; Greece [I] (incl. Kiklades [I]); Crete [I]; European Russia [c]; Morocco [c]; Algeria [c]; Tunisia [c]; Libya [c]; Canary Isl. [c] (Fuerteventura [c], Gran Canaria [c], Tenerife [c], La Gomera [c], Hierro [c], La Palma [c], Lanzarote [c]) USA [c] (Alabama [c], California [I], Florida [c], Louisiana [c], North Carolina [c], Utah [c], Texas [I]); Burkina Faso [c]; Benin [c]; Cameroon [c]; Bioko Isl. [Fernando Poo] [c]; São Tomé [c]; Chad [c]; Somalia [c]; Mozambique [c]; South Africa [c]; Mauritius [c]; La Réunion [c]; Rodrigues [c]; Turkmenistan [c]; Uzbekistan [c]; Kyrgyzstan [c]; Tajikistan [c]; Northern Caucasus [c]; Georgia [Caucasus] [c]; Armenia; East Aegaean Isl. [c] (incl. Rhodos [c]); Turkey [c]; Iraq [c]; Iran (EC-Iran, N-Iran, Iranian Aserbaijan, S-Iran, W-Iran); Afghanistan [c]; China [c] (Anhui [c], Beijing [c], Fujian [c], Gansu [c], Guangdong [c], Guangxi [c], Guizhou [c], Hainan [c], Hebei [c], Heilongjiang [c], Henan [c], Hongkong [c], Hubei [c], Hunan [c], Jiangsu [c], Jiangxi [c], Jilin [c], Liaoning [c], Macao [c], Nei Mongol [c], Ningxia [c], Qinghai [c], Shaanxi [c], Shandong [c], Shanghai [c], Shanxi [c], Sichuan [c], Tianjin [c], Xinjiang [c], Yunnan [c], Zhejiang [c]); Tibet [c]; South Korea [c]; Ogasawara Isl. [c] (Chichijima [c]); Taiwan [c]; Pakistan [c]; Nepal [c]; Bhutan [c]; India [c]; Lakshadweep Isl. [Laccadives] [c]; Maldives [c]; Sri Lanka [c]; Bangladesh [c]; Andaman Isl. [c] (South Andaman Isl. [c]); Nicobar Isl. [c] (Great Nicobar Isl. [c]); Myanmar [c]; Thailand [c]; Laos [c]; Cambodia [c]; Vietnam [c]; South China Sea Isl. [c]; Philippines [c]; Java [c]; Australia [c] (Queensland [c]); Lord Howe Isl. [c]; New Caledonia [c]; Rotuma Isl. [c]; Tonga [c]; Niue [c]; Fiji [c]; Cook Isl. [c] (Rarotonga [c], Mangaia [c], Aitutaki [c], Atiu [c]); Society Isl. [c] (Tahiti [c], Raiatea [c]); Austral Isl. [c] (Tubuai [c]); Palau [c]; Northern Marianas [c] (Saipan [c], Rota [c]); Guam [c]; Fed. States of Micronesia [c] (Yap [c]); Marshall Isl. [c] (Jaluit [c]); Mexico [c]; Belize [c]; Honduras [c]; Nicaragua [c]; Costa Rica [c]; Bahamas [c]; Turks & Caicos Isl. [c]; Jamaica [c]; Puerto Rico [c]; Virgin Isl. [c]; Anguilla [c]; St. Martin/St. Maarten [c]; St. Barthélémy [c]; Saba [c]; St. Eustatius [c]; St. Kitts [c]; Antigua [c]; Montserrat [c]; Guadeloupe [c]; Martinique [c]; St. Lucia [c]; St. Vincent [c]; Barbados [c]; Trinidad & Tobago [c]; Colombia [c]; Venezuela [c]; Ecuador [c]; Galapagos [c]; Bolivia [c]; Brazil [c], SFF Iguaque, Tadzhikistan, Transcaucasus, Turkmenistan, Türkiye Eingeführt: Alabama, Albania, Algeria, Amazonia colombiana: sur del departamento del Vichada; el suroriente del Meta; todo el territorio de los departamentos de Amazonas, Caquetá, Guainía, Guaviare, Putumayo y Vaupés; la Bota Caucana; y las vertientes amazónicas de Nariño (la parte alta de los ríos Guamuez, Sucio, San Miguel y Aguarico), Andaman Is., Arkansas, Assam, Austria, Bahamas, Baleares, Bangladesh, Bermuda, Bulgaria, California, Cameroon, Canary Is., Caroline Is., Cayman Is., Chad, China South-Central, Comoros, Corse, Cuba, Dominican Republic, East Aegean Is., East Himalaya, Ecuador, Eritrea, Ethiopia, France, Free State, Galápagos Islands, Greece, Gulf of Guinea Is., Haiti, India, Italy, Jamaica, Korea, Kriti, Laos, Leeward Is., Libya, Marianas, Marshall Is., Mexico Central, Morocco, NW. Balkan Pen., New Caledonia, Nicobar Is., Niger, Norfolk Is., Oman, Panamá, Portugal, Puerto Rico, Romania, Réunion, Somalia, Spain, Sri Lanka, St.Helena, Sweden, Switzerland, Texas, Trinidad-Tobago, Tunisia, Turks-Caicos Is., Türkiye-in-Europe, Uzbekistan, Vanuatu, Venezuelan Antilles, Vietnam, West Himalaya, Windward Is., Yemen