Kümmel

Gefährlichkeitsgrad von Kümmel, Wiesenkümmel: Wenig oder kaum giftig, hautreizend durch das ätherische Kümmelöl. Bei chronischem Missbrauch von Kümmelbranntweinen können neben dem Alkohol Schädigungen, insbesonders der Leber, durch Kümmelöl auftreten. (Quelle)

Succeeds in ordinary garden soil as long as it is not too wet in winter. Prefers a moist soil in full sun or partial shade. Tolerates a pH in the range 4.8 to 7.6. Caraway is a well-known herb that has been cultivated for its culinary and medicinal uses since ancient times. It is frequently cultivated in the modern herb garden and sometimes also commercially, there are some named varieties. Plants growing in more northerly latitudes and also in full sun are richer in essential oils and therefore more aromatic. Plants strongly resent root disturbance. They often self-sow freely when in a suitable location. This species is deep rooted and is a good plant for breaking up the sub-soil on heavy, wet land. It dislikes growing near fennel or wormwood but is a good companion for most plants, especially those that are shallow-rooted. The flowers attract parasitic wasps to the garden, these prey on aphids and so help to reduce populations of insect pests.

Edible Parts: Leaves Root Seed Edible Uses: Condiment Tea Seed - raw or cooked. A spicy flavour, it is used as a flavouring in confectionery and bread, also as a flavouring in salads, vegetables etc. It is high in protein and fat. The seed is often chewed after a meal in order to sweeten the breath and also to relieve heartburn after a rich meal. Per 100g, the seed contains 333 calories, 10g water, 20g protein, 14.5g fat, 50g carbohydrate, 12.5g fibre, 6g ash, 689mg calcium, 568mg phosphorus, 16.2mg iron, 258mg magnesium, 17mg sodium, 1351mg potassium, 5.5mg zinc, 363 IU vitamin A, 0.383mg thiamine, 0.379mg riboflavin, 3.61mg niacin. An essential oil from the seed is used as a flavouring in ice creams, candy, soft drinks etc. It is an essential ingredient of the liqueur kümmel. Root - cooked. Used as a vegetable like parsnips. Stronger in taste than parsnips, but liked by many. A delicious vegetable. Leaves - raw or as a flavouring in soups etc. The young leaves are much less spicy than the seeds and are a good salad, having a mild parsley-dill flavour. They give an aromatic tang to salads. Older leaves can be cooked as a spinach. The crushed seeds are brewed into a tea. It has a soothing effect on the digestion.

Essential Parasiticide An essential oil from the seed is used in perfumery, for scenting soap, as a parasiticide etc. Twenty-five kilos of seed yield about 1 kilo of essential oil. The essential oil yield of the seed from plants cultivated in Poland is up to 10.33%. Caraway is also used as a breath freshener.

Heimisch: Afghanistan, Albania, Altay, Amur, Austria, Baltic States, Bangladesh, Belarus, Belgium, Bulgaria, Buryatiya, Central European Russia, China North-Central, China South-Central, Chita, Czechia-Slovakia, Denmark, East European Russia, East Himalaya, Finland, France, Germany, Hedemark, Hordaland, Hungary, India, Inner Mongolia, Iran, Iraq, Irkutsk, Italy, Kamchatka, Kazakhstan, Khabarovsk, Kirgizstan, Krasnoyarsk, Krym, Kuril Is., Lebanon-Syria, Manchuria, Mongolia, NW. Balkan Pen., Nepal, Netherlands, Nord-Trøndelag, Nordland, Nordnorge, North Caucasus, North European Russia, Northwest European Russia, Norway, Vestfold, Østlandet Eingeführt: Alberta, Algeria, British Columbia, Colorado, Connecticut, Cyprus, District of Columbia, Føroyar, Great Britain, Greenland, Iceland, Idaho, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Ireland, Kentucky, Labrador, Libya, Louisiana, Magadan, Maine, Manitoba, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Montana, Morocco, New Brunswick, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New Mexico, New York, Newfoundland, North Carolina, North Dakota